The course will cover the history of action research (AR) an different AR approaches. There is an international AR community with a tradition of dialogue and discussion. This course will cover the theoretical contributions of leading AR researchers to the literature. Participating AR; Socio-Technical System Thinking; Scandinavian (Dialogical) AR; Southern (Liberating) AR; Collaborative Inquiry; Appreciative Inquiry; Cases and key literature on different AR approaches, such as educational AR, will be covered.